Rifleman Q&A: 'Potsdam' Muskets

by
posted on September 7, 2021
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
Potsdam Muskets

Q: My grandfather gave me this gun in 1960. Supposedly, it was used by my great-great-great-grandfather during the American Civil War. I shot it after having a gunsmith inspect it in 1960. The inside of the barrel was fair and said to be shootable. A load of 80 grains of FFg under 1 oz. of shot was said to be a safe load. I shot the gun a number of times that summer and fall and cleaned it the best I could. Now, 60-some years later, I would like to know what this gun really is.


Potsdam MusketsA: Your musket is one of thousands imported by both the North and the South during our Civil War. Yours is from a group generally called “Potsdam” muskets, named after the most common of the makers. Guns in this group were made at Prussian armories in Potsdam, Danzig, Neisse, Suhl and Saarn. Your lockplate shows manufacture in Neisse. The National Armory at Neisse originally made 51,000 arms, but there is no way to know how many of those were exported to the States.

Some references show as many as 160,000 “Potsdams” shipped to the North and 52,000 to the South. Quantities vary, depending upon which reference book is consulted. The Federal Ordnance Dept. considered these to be third-class arms.

Your gun is a .72-cal. smoothbore. These were originally the Model 1809 flintlock converted to percussion, and later, around 1839, made directly in percussion. You might find the date of manufacture on the bottom of the barrel when it is removed from the stock. The crown over “FW” on your gun stands for Friedrich Wilhelm III (1770-1840). The “42” beneath the crown may be the year it was made or converted, 1842.

—Michael Carrick, Contributing Editor

Latest

Taurus RPC
Taurus RPC

Review: Taurus RPC

Taurus’s RPC brings a large-format pistol to the company’s lineup of revolvers and affordable semi-automatic pistols.

Old Meets New: The Springfield Armory Kuna Tri-Lug and .40 S&W Models

The iconic tri-lug muzzle of the H&K MP5 is now available on the Springfield Armory Kuna, allowing it to more closely match the original HS Produkt design while also allowing for easy mounting of suppressors.

The Armed Citizen® Sept. 7, 2026

Read today's "The Armed Citizen" entry for real stories of law-abiding citizens, past and present, who used their firearms to save lives.

Review: High Desert Cartridge Company Ammunition

Ammunition brands like High Desert Cartridge may not be as well-known as larger makers, but they can still offer excellent bang for your buck.

Beretta Introduces Shotgun-Based Turret System for Drone Defense

Beretta Defense Technologies has introduced the LIVET Remote Controlled Weapon Station, an AI-driven turret system that can bring eight Benelli M4 Drone Guardian shotguns accurately to bear on incoming unfriendly drones.

Competition Ready: Winchester's New Super Match Ammunition

Winchester Ammunition has answered the call of competitive shooters with its new Super Match lineup, comprised of cartridges tailored to perform in a variety of events.

Interests



Get the best of American Rifleman delivered to your inbox.