Gun Parts

by
posted on June 26, 2013
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
2013626141058-gun_parts_f.jpg

6/26/2013

As firearm design standardized around prevailing types of locks, a unique nomenclature evolved for describing specific parts common to most or all guns. That terminology grew along with the emergence of different kinds of guns and operating systems, and today, those who manufacture, sell, repair and shoot firearms rely on a highly developed vocabulary. Even though certain models contain parts unique only to that particular gun, and while some makers may call a similar part by different names, everyday firearm nomenclature is in fact very functional.

Language differences aside, gun folks the world over know that a “slide” is the moving top piece of a semi-automatic pistol, that “locking lugs” can be found on the “bolts” of various rifles and shotguns, and that the majority of “repeaters” have an “ejection port.”

Specialized gun-speak certainly can appear arcane and mysterious to the novice shooter, but for many firearm enthusiasts, learning to talk the talk is part of the fascination and fun.

Parts Common to Most Guns

Parts Common to Most Guns

Bolt-Action Rifles

Bolt-Action Rifle Parts

Bolt-Action Rifle Bolt Assembly

Over/Under Shotguns

Even though parts may have the same name from platform to platform, they may not have the same function. A bolt in a semi-automatic shotgun has a different function from the bolt—really the locking bolt—in a revolver.

Over-Under Shotgun Parts

Over-Under Shotgun Action Parts

Semi-Automatic Shotguns

Regardless of whether it is a rifle, shotgun or pistol, most cartridge firearms have some parts nomenclature in common, such as the receiver, trigger, extractor, firing pin and sear. Repeating firearms generally have a bolt and an ejection or loading port, sometimes referred to as an action port.

Semi-Action Shotgun Parts

Semi-Action Shotgun Action Parts

Semi-Automatic Pistols

When it comes to semi-automatic pistols, some terms, such as “dust cover,” have a completely different meaning than when they are used in reference to a rifle. The “dust cover” on an M1911 just refers to the front part of the frame that keeps dust away from the recoil spring and guide rod under the barrel.

Semi-Action Pistol Parts

Semi-Action Pistol Inside Parts

Double-Action Revolvers

Revolver Parts

Revolver Interior

Single-Action Revolvers

Single-Action Revolver Parts

 

Latest

Henry Guns For Great Causes F
Henry Guns For Great Causes F

Firearm Industry Philanthropic Efforts Endure, Despite Lagging Gun Sales

Gun sales in 2025 may not eclipse records, but the firearm industry’s generosity continues to abound, even within challenging economic circumstances.

Product : Ten21 Tactical “The Junk Drawer” Tripod Hammock

Precision shooters using tripods to support their rifles can keep miscellaneous gear organized and within reach by attaching The Junk Drawer by Ten21 Tactical to the tripod’s legs.

Review: SAR USA SAR9 SOCOM Compact

The SAR9 SOCOM Compact from SAR USA packs popular tactical features into a compact package.

A Jakl In Bullpup Clothing: Palmetto State Armory's Olcan

Palmetto State Armory adapted its piston-driven Jakl rifle design into a bullpup configuration it calls the Olcan.

150,000 NFA Applications Filed On Day 1 After $0 Tax Stamp Becomes Official

Approximately 150,000 NFA enthusiasts filed their paperwork through ATF’s electronic system in just the first 24 hours of 2026, the first day after the $0 tax stamp for most NFA items became official.

Gun Of The Week: Caracal USA CMP9K

Caracal's CMP9K pistol is based on a design originally produced to replace the aging stock of Heckler & Koch MP5s in United Arab Emirates service.

Interests



Get the best of American Rifleman delivered to your inbox.