Rifleman Q&A: What's the M91/59 Mosin-Nagant?

by
posted on December 31, 2021
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
right side bolt-action rifle carbine wood stock gun surplus Russian guns

Q. I have recently begun collecting Mosin-Nagant rifles as they are both affordable and historically interesting. I had picked up what I thought to be the “basics”—a Model 91/30, a Model 38 and a Model 44. While at a gun show recently, I saw what was described as a “Model 91/59,” but it looked like a Model 38 carbine to me. What is this rifle?


A. The Model 91/59 is an odd little footnote in Mosin-Nagant history. While there is some disagreement within collector and historian circles regarding these rifles, the consensus opinion is that they were standard Model 91/30 rifles that were shortened to carbine length in 1959 by the Russians. Although at first glance it appears to be similar to a Model 38 carbine, it is in fact different.

gun rifle parts closeup sights number wood metal

The most unique and interesting feature of the Model 91/59 is its rear sight. Unlike an M38 that has a true carbine rear sight, these rifles have standard Model 91/30 rear sights with the upper range markings milled off. The ranges left are from 100 to 1,000 meters, with 1,100 to 2,000 having been removed. Another is the “1891/59” marking added on the top of the receiver, in addition to the original markings such as manufacturer and year of production.

These rifles would make a great addition to a Mosin-Nagant collection as they are unique and generally not very expensive.
—Michael O. Humphries


This “Questions & Answers” was featured in the March 2005 issue of American Rifleman. At time of publication, "Questions & Answers" was compiled by Staff, Ballistics Editor William C. Davis, Jr., and Contributing Editors: David Andrews, Hugh C. Birnbaum, Bruce N. Canfield, O. Reid Coffield, Charles Q. Cutshaw, Charles M. Fagg, Angus Laidlaw, Evan P. Marshall, Charles E. Petty, Robert B. Pomeranz, O.D., Jon R. Sundra, Jim Supica, A.W.F. Taylerson, John M. Taylor and John Treakle.


To subscribe to the magazine, visit NRA membership page and select American Rifleman as your member magazine.

Latest

Gotw Walther Fseries Prox Pmm 1
Gotw Walther Fseries Prox Pmm 1

Gun of the Week: Walther Arms PDP F-Series Pro-X PMM

One of Walther Arms' recent introductions combines the features of several other PDP handguns, meaning the Walther PDP F-Series Pro-X PMM is packed with a number of different design elements.

The Armed Citizen® Oct. 30, 2026

Read today's "The Armed Citizen" entry for real stories of law-abiding citizens, past and present, who used their firearms to save lives.

President's Column | Your Input is Valued

I wish to thank all our members who have sent me e-mails these last 12 months. I’m doing my best to keep up with all your e-mails, but please be aware it seems I’m always 300 to 400 e-mails behind. I want to reiterate that I am reading them all as fast as I have time for.

Building an X-Card Gun for Turkey Shoots

Unofficially known as a “turkey shoot,” X-Card competition challenges shotgunners to place shot pellets as closely as possible to the center of a target. And some makers have perfected a way to fine-tune shotguns for this purpose.

Spanish National Police Adopt Springfield Armory Echelon 4.0FC

The Spanish National Police (Policia Nacional) has officially adopted the Springfield Armory Echelon 4.0FC 9mm pistol as the issue pistol for its uniformed officers.

NRA Launches New NRA.org Platform and Official App to Modernize and Enhance the Member Experience

The National Rifle Association today launched its new NRA.org website and continued enhancements to the official NRA App, marking a major step and significant investment to modernize the organization and better serve members.

Interests



Get the best of American Rifleman delivered to your inbox.