Self-defense is about fighting, not shooting, even though fighting might lead to the need to fire your gun. But there are, in fact, many situations where a gun can’t, or shouldn’t, be used.

You might not be able to reach your gun because you’re using your hands to defend against an attacker, or the situation just might not call for such force. In these cases, knowing how to use hand-to-hand techniques can be critical. While it’s not necessary to be an expert in the martial arts in these situations, if would be beneficial to know a few self-defense moves to protect yourself.

To start, consider attending a self-defense course, where you can learn some basic skills such as SING (solar plexus, instep, nose, groin). Sure, we laughed when Sandra Bullock performed this on stage in “Miss Congeniality,” but the concept is valid, as these are four places where everyone is susceptible to pain. Also, consider using parts of your body that are more effective than your hands (yes, I know if looks cool in the movies, but your hands can be easily damaged in a fight), such as your elbows, knees and head.

While practicing, think about the potential ways someone might attack, such as a choke hold, bear hug or double shirt grab. Learn a few moves for a variety of attacks, and practice regularly, with a partner if possible, to retain proficiency. In addition to a class, there are many online resources that can explain basic moves, but you must consider your ability and physical shape. Some people might not be able to do some moves, but there are simple ones that anyone can perform. And if all else fails, hit them with a chair. That’s also fighting.